Common Micronutrient Deficiencies in Breeding Pig Farming and Suggestions for Supplementation
1. Iron
Iron deficiency results in iron-deficiency anemia, which is characterized by pale skin and mucous membranes, coarse shagging, listlessness, shortness of breath, and growth arrest.
Iron deficiency affects piglets and, although it occurs directly in Suckling piglets, is rooted in inadequate sow reserves or low iron content in milk. Piglets are prone to anemia and poor vitality after birth.
Iron deficiency affects sows, with chronic anemic sows having poor constitution and delayed estrus after weaning.
Iron deficiency can lead to impaired piglet survival and evenness, and prolonged sow reproductive cycle.
Products recommended for iron supplementation
2.Zinc
Zinc deficiency causes parakeratosis, the most common symptom of which is the appearance of red patches, creases, and crusts on the skin, especially on the limbs, around the eyes, neck, and abdomen.
Zinc deficiency can lead to decreased reproductive performance, testicular dysplasia and poor sperm motility in boars. Sow ovarian function decline, abnormal estrus, low conception rate.
Zinc deficiency can lead to hoof health problems, cracking of the hoof shell, wear of the sole and, in severe cases, lameness.
Products recommended for Zinc supplementation
3. Selenium and VE(both synergistic effects, often considered together)
Selenium deficiency and VE cause white myopathy in pigs, a degeneration of skeletal muscle and heart muscle characterized by sudden death, lameness, difficulty walking, and difficulty breathing.
Se deficiency and VE cause liver necrosis in pigs, which is more common in piglets but has its roots in sows.
Selenium deficiency and VE can lead to reproductive disorders in pigs, and sows are characterized by inconspicuous estrus, low conception rate, abortion, weak offspring, and increased stillbirth rate. The sperm motility of boars decreased and the abnormality rate increased.
Selenium deficiency and VE can lead to immunosuppression, decrease of disease resistance and susceptibility to other diseases in pigs.
Se deficiency and VE lead to a high risk of sudden death, severe impairment of reproductive performance, and decreased overall health of the pig population.
Products recommended for Selenium and VE supplementation
4.Copper
Copper deficiency causes anemia in pigs, similar to iron-deficiency anemia, because copper is involved in iron metabolism.
Copper deficiency can lead to abnormal skeletal development, enlarged joints, osteoporosis, and fracture in pigs.
Copper deficiency can cause abnormal coat color, rough and discoloration (loss of normal melanin).
Copper deficiency can indirectly affect pig reproduction due to decreased overall health.
Copper deficiency can affect the overall growth and body condition of pigs.
Products recommended for Copper supplementation
5.Iodine
Iodine deficiency causes goiter enlargement and a thick neck in pigs.
Iodine deficiency can lead to reproductive disorders in pigs, with sows showing abortion, stillbirth (especially hairless weak litter), and small litter size. The sow is in abnormal estrus.
Iodine deficiency can lead to weak piglets, weak vitality and low survival rate of newborn piglets.
Iodine deficiency can directly lead to pregnancy failure and neonatal piglet loss in pigs.
Products recommended for Iodine supplementation
6.Manganese
Manganese deficiency causes skeletal deformities in pigs, with short limbs, enlarged joints, and an unstable gait.
Mn deficiency can lead to reproductive disorders in pigs, with inconspicuous estrus, irregular ovulation, small litter size, and poor udder development in sows. The boars have decreased libido.
Mn deficiency leads to disorders of fat metabolism and increased fat deposition in pigs.
Mn deficiency mainly affects the skeletal and reproductive systems.
Products recommended for Manganese supplementation
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